Work, Energy & Power Calculators
Understand the physics behind motion, force, and energy transformations.
Work Done Calculator
Inputs
N
m
°
0° (same direction)
90° (perpendicular)
180° (opposite)
Results
Work Done:
— J
Formula:
W = F × d × cos(θ)
Step-by-Step Calculation:
Enter values to see calculation steps.
Understanding Work:
Work is a measure of energy transfer that occurs when a force moves an object. Positive work adds energy to a system, while negative work removes energy.
The unit of work is the Joule (J), which equals one Newton-meter (N·m).
Understanding Energy Conversions
Conservation of Energy
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed – only converted from one form to another. This fundamental principle underlies all energy calculations.
In a mechanical system without friction:
Total Energy = Potential Energy + Kinetic Energy
As an object falls, potential energy transforms into kinetic energy, with the total remaining constant.
Real-World Applications
- Hydroelectric Power: Uses potential energy of water to generate electricity
- Vehicle Efficiency: Analyzing work and power to optimize fuel usage
- Sports Physics: Understanding energy transfer in athletics
- Roller Coasters: Converting potential to kinetic energy for thrills
- Industrial Machinery: Calculating power requirements for motors
Common Unit Conversions
Energy Units
- 1 kilojoule (kJ) = 1,000 joules (J)
- 1 calorie (cal) = 4.184 joules (J)
- 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) = 3,600,000 joules (J)
- 1 electron volt (eV) = 1.602 × 10-19 joules (J)
Power Units
- 1 kilowatt (kW) = 1,000 watts (W)
- 1 horsepower (hp) = 745.7 watts (W)
- 1 megawatt (MW) = 1,000,000 watts (W)
- 1 watt (W) = 1 joule per second (J/s)
Force & Mass Units
- 1 kilonewton (kN) = 1,000 newtons (N)
- 1 pound-force (lbf) = 4.448 newtons (N)
- 1 kilogram (kg) = 1,000 grams (g)
- 1 metric ton = 1,000 kilograms (kg)